Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Respiration. 2010;79(5):425-36. doi: 10.1159/000242497. Epub 2009 Sep 25.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) refers to a heterogeneous group of lung disorders in infants that is commonly associated with prematurity and surfactant deficiency. BPD results from the complex interplay between impairments in the premature lung such as surfactant deficiency, perinatal insults such as infection, and damage resulting from supportive care of the infant due to barotrauma or volutrauma from mechanical ventilation and oxygen toxicity from supplemental oxygen administration. These factors result in chronic inflammation in the infant lung with recurring cycles of lung damage and repair that may impair alveolarization and vascularization in the developing lungs. As our insight in how to treat BPD improves along with the ability to do so with developing technology and therapies, the underlying pathogenesis will also change. The term 'new' BPD is now commonly used, to describe the changes seen in the post-surfactant era. This discussion reviews the pathogenesis of BPD according to the current medical literature.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是指一种与早产儿和肺表面活性物质缺乏相关的异质性婴儿肺部疾病。BPD 是由早产儿肺中诸如肺表面活性物质缺乏等损伤、围产期感染等损伤以及由于机械通气导致的气压伤或容积伤和补充氧气导致的氧气毒性等支持性婴儿护理造成的损伤之间的复杂相互作用引起的。这些因素导致婴儿肺部的慢性炎症，出现反复的肺损伤和修复循环，可能会损害发育中肺部的肺泡化和血管生成。随着我们对如何治疗 BPD 的认识的提高，以及随着开发技术和疗法的能力的提高，潜在的发病机制也将发生变化。现在常用“新”BPD 这个术语来描述在表面活性剂时代之后出现的变化。本讨论根据当前的医学文献综述了 BPD 的发病机制。
