Jukić Vlado, Petrović Zrinka, Brecić Petrana, Krizaj Aida, Savić Aleksandar, Baceković Ana, Bilić Petar, Susac Jelena, Mandić Antonija, Prazen Ivana
University Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatr Danub. 2009 Sep;21(3):350-5.
It is a well known fact that mentally ill patients, especially those with schizophrenia, have a higher incidence of somatic diseases than the general population and finally a significantly shorter life expectancy. In this paper a comparison is made between schizophrenia and somatic comorbidity before the era of antipsychotics and after, with consideration to the prevalent morbidity during each of these periods. In the period before antipsychotics acute infectious diseases and TBC were the prevalent comorbid diseases. High comorbidity rates were due not only to epidemics but also poor treatment success, deficient health habits and poor personal hygiene. In the period after the discovery of antipsychotics significant changes in morbidity occurred with the prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases, primarily diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Studies show that new generation antipsychotics partly generate the occurrence of metabolic disorders, which makes it necessary to consider the choice of antipsychotic depending on the assessed risk in every individual case.
众所周知，精神病患者，尤其是精神分裂症患者，患躯体疾病的几率高于普通人群，最终预期寿命显著缩短。本文对使用抗精神病药物之前和之后精神分裂症与躯体共病情况进行了比较，并考虑了这两个时期各自普遍存在的发病率。在使用抗精神病药物之前的时期，急性传染病和肺结核是普遍存在的共病。高共病率不仅归因于流行病，还归因于治疗效果不佳、健康习惯不良和个人卫生条件差。在发现抗精神病药物之后的时期，发病率发生了显著变化，慢性退行性疾病盛行，主要是糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常。研究表明，新一代抗精神病药物部分导致了代谢紊乱的发生，这使得有必要根据每个个体病例评估的风险来考虑抗精神病药物的选择。
