Massey W A, Lichtenstein L M
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1990 Dec;86(6 Pt 2):1019-24. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(05)80247-7.
Antigen and cold dry air were used to challenge the upper and lower airways, skin, and conjunctiva. In each of these four systems an immediate and late-phase reaction to antigen is well characterized. Although the pattern of mediator release is different in these four areas, the degree of infiltration of basophils and eosinophils in the late-phase reaction appears to be constant. Of a number of drugs that can influence these mediators and cell responses, the steroids represent a typical mode of action. Steroids block the late-phase response and ablate the eosinophil and basophil infiltration. Although the effects of antihistamines appear to be similar, they do not appear to be caused by H1 antagonism; the mechanism of their action is unknown. This discussion will focus on these non-H1 antagonist effects of antihistamines in four challenge models, particularly the upper airways and skin.
用抗原和冷干燥空气对上、下呼吸道、皮肤和结膜进行激发。在这四个系统中的每一个，对抗原的速发相和迟发相反应都有很好的特征描述。尽管在这四个区域中介质释放模式不同，但迟发相反应中嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的浸润程度似乎是恒定的。在许多能够影响这些介质和细胞反应的药物中，类固醇代表了一种典型的作用方式。类固醇可阻断迟发相反应并消除嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞浸润。尽管抗组胺药的作用似乎相似，但它们的作用似乎不是由H1拮抗引起的；其作用机制尚不清楚。本讨论将聚焦于抗组胺药在四种激发模型中，特别是在上呼吸道和皮肤中的这些非H1拮抗剂效应。
