飓风卡特里娜过后 2 年，受灾青年中出现严重情绪障碍。
Serious emotional disturbance among youths exposed to Hurricane Katrina 2 years postdisaster.
机构信息
Drs. McLaughlin and Kessler, Mr. Gruber, Mr. Lakoma, and Ms. Sampson are with Harvard Medical School; Dr. Fairbank is with the National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Duke University Medical Center, and the Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham VA Medical Center; Dr. Jones is with Virginia Tech University; and Dr. Pfefferbaum is with the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine.
Drs. McLaughlin and Kessler, Mr. Gruber, Mr. Lakoma, and Ms. Sampson are with Harvard Medical School; Dr. Fairbank is with the National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Duke University Medical Center, and the Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham VA Medical Center; Dr. Jones is with Virginia Tech University; and Dr. Pfefferbaum is with the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine.
出版信息
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;48(11):1069-1078. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181b76697.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the prevalence of serious emotional disturbance (SED) among children and adolescents exposed to Hurricane Katrina along with the associations of SED with hurricane-related stressors, sociodemographics, and family factors 18 to 27 months after the hurricane.
METHOD
A probability sample of prehurricane residents of areas affected by Hurricane Katrina was administered a telephone survey. Respondents provided information on up to two of their children (n = 797) aged 4 to 17 years. The survey assessed hurricane-related stressors and lifetime history of psychopathology in respondents, screened for 12-month SED in respondents' children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and determined whether children's emotional and behavioral problems were attributable to Hurricane Katrina.
RESULTS
The estimated prevalence of SED was 14.9%, and 9.3% of the youths were estimated to have SED that is directly attributable to Hurricane Katrina. Stress exposure was associated strongly with SED, and 20.3% of the youths with high stress exposure had hurricane-attributable SED. Death of a loved one had the strongest association with SED among prehurricane residents of New Orleans, whereas exposure to physical adversity had the strongest association in the remainder of the sample. Among children with stress exposure, parental psychopathology and poverty were associated with SED.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of SED among youths exposed to Hurricane Katrina remains high 18 to 27 months after the storm, suggesting a substantial need for mental health treatment resources in the hurricane-affected areas. The youths who were exposed to hurricane-related stressors, have a family history of psychopathology, and have lower family incomes are at greatest risk for long-term psychiatric impairment.
目的
评估在经历卡特里娜飓风后，儿童和青少年中严重情绪障碍（SED）的患病率，并研究 SED 与与飓风相关的应激源、社会人口统计学和家庭因素之间的关联，这些因素在飓风发生后 18 至 27 个月出现。
方法
对卡特里娜飓风受灾地区的飓风前居民进行概率抽样，并进行电话调查。受访者提供了最多两名 4 至 17 岁子女的信息（n=797）。该调查评估了受访者与飓风相关的应激源和一生中的精神病理学史，使用《长处和困难问卷》筛查受访者子女 12 个月 SED，并确定子女的情绪和行为问题是否归因于卡特里娜飓风。
结果
估计 SED 的患病率为 14.9%，有 9.3%的青少年被估计患有直接归因于卡特里娜飓风的 SED。应激暴露与 SED 密切相关，有 20.3%的高应激暴露青少年患有与飓风相关的 SED。在新奥尔良的飓风前居民中，亲人死亡与 SED 的关联最强，而在样本的其余部分，暴露于身体逆境与 SED 的关联最强。在有应激暴露的儿童中，父母的精神病理学和贫困与 SED 相关。
结论
在经历卡特里娜飓风后 18 至 27 个月，暴露于飓风的青少年中 SED 的患病率仍然很高，这表明飓风受灾地区需要大量的心理健康治疗资源。暴露于与飓风相关的应激源、有精神病史和家庭收入较低的青少年面临最大的长期精神损害风险。
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