Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Vertebrate Research, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 Münster, Germany.
Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Feb;66(2):132-6. doi: 10.1002/ps.1841.
Minimising the concentration of active ingredient in rodenticide bait is desirable economically and for the protection of the agroecosystem. This study aimed to identify a zinc phosphide concentration that balances palatability and efficacy for common vole (Microtus arvalis Pall.) management and to compare the attractiveness of two bait carriers.
Bait uptake of voles was reduced by 87-98% compared with plain bait when bait contained 0.4-3.2% zinc phosphide. There was an almost 50% decrease in the uptake of zinc phosphide when the zinc phosphide concentration of bait was doubled. Red dye used in commercially available bait decreased bait consumption by 10%. Daily consumption of zinc phosphide bait on days 2 to 5 was half the consumption on the first day of exposure. In bait choice tests, wheat kernels were preferred initially, but within 12 h similar amounts of wheat-based pellets and wheat kernels were eaten.
According to the results from the laboratory trial, a zinc phosphide concentration of 2.1% seemed to balance uptake/efficacy best and may be most appropriate for the management of common vole populations. This concentration is substantially lower than the concentration used in many registered products. A reduced concentration of active ingredient and the use of pellet bait instead of wheat which is highly attractive for birds may have advantages for agroecosystem health when applying zinc phosphide for rodent control.
从经济和保护农业生态系统的角度考虑，尽量减少杀鼠剂诱饵中有效成分的浓度是可取的。本研究旨在确定一种磷化锌浓度，以平衡适口性和效力，用于管理普通田鼠（Microtus arvalis Pall.），并比较两种诱饵载体的吸引力。
与普通诱饵相比，当诱饵中含有 0.4-3.2%的磷化锌时，田鼠对诱饵的摄取量减少了 87-98%。当诱饵中磷化锌的浓度增加一倍时，磷化锌的摄取量几乎减少了 50%。商业上可用的诱饵中使用的红色染料使诱饵消耗量减少了 10%。在暴露的第 2 天到第 5 天，每天消耗的磷化锌诱饵量是第一天的一半。在诱饵选择测试中，麦粒最初是首选，但在 12 小时内，麦粒和基于麦粒的颗粒的消耗量相似。
根据实验室试验的结果，2.1%的磷化锌浓度似乎平衡了摄取/效果最好，可能最适合管理普通田鼠种群。这一浓度远低于许多已注册产品中使用的浓度。当使用磷化锌进行鼠类控制时，减少有效成分的浓度并使用对鸟类极具吸引力的麦粒代替，可能对农业生态系统的健康有益。
