The University of Queensland, The School of Nursing and Midwifery, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Women Birth. 2010 Sep;23(3):81-93. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2009.09.002. Epub 2009 Oct 4.
The cause of hypertension in pregnancy remains unknown and results in increased risk of complications for mother and baby. Symptoms of developing pre-eclampsia, such as an elevated blood pressure, can be vague and singular. The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate research investigating antenatal screening practices for hypertension which fall within the midwives scope of practice.
Inclusion criteria for this literature review were English language, peer reviewed primary research journal articles, published in the previous 20 years where the population under study was pregnant with reported outcomes of prevention, screening or prediction of hypertension in pregnancy. A large number of papers (n=201) were identified and these were screened and subsequently excluded if they addressed diagnostic testing, screening and interpretation that depended solely on a medical practitioner.
There was no single predictive factor found, however the relevant papers included in this review (n=33) found evidence of modifiable, non-modifiable and clinical assessment factors for inclusion in a midwifery screening model.
Further research should be focused on the factors observed by midwives during history taking and the antenatal course in the second and third trimesters and whether or not these can be synthesised in to a hypertension-specific diagnostic tool for use in midwifery practice.
妊娠高血压的病因仍不清楚，会增加母婴并发症的风险。先兆子痫等疾病的症状可能不明显且单一。本文旨在评估研究孕期高血压的产前筛查实践，这些实践在助产士的工作范围内。
本文献综述的纳入标准为英文、同行评审的原始研究期刊文章，发表时间在过去 20 年内，研究对象为报告有高血压预防、筛查或预测结果的孕妇。研究人员发现了大量的论文（n=201），并对其进行了筛选，随后排除了仅依赖医生进行诊断测试、筛查和解释的论文。
没有发现单一的预测因素，但本综述中纳入的相关论文（n=33）发现了可改变的、不可改变的和临床评估因素，可纳入助产士的筛查模型。
应进一步研究助产士在第二和第三个孕期的病史采集和产前检查期间观察到的因素，以及这些因素是否可以综合成一种用于助产实践的高血压专用诊断工具。
