Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2009 Oct;19(5):461-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2009.08.005. Epub 2009 Oct 5.
The mouse hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is probably the best-understood somatic stem cell in higher organisms. Recent studies have shown that the highest self-renewal potential is most likely contained within an exceedingly small number of deeply dormant bone marrow HSCs. These stem cells are housed in individual niches that preserve their dormancy via signaling molecules such as Thrombopoietin, Angiopoietins, and Stem Cell Factor. In response to injury cues, dormant HSCs are efficiently activated and produce numerous progenitors and mature cells. A series of intracellular regulatory molecules including FoxOs, mTORC1, Fbw7, Egr1, Pbx1, pRb, c-Cbl, Myc, and Bmi1 mediate the processes of dormancy, cycling, self-renewal, differentiation, and survival, all of which control the behavior of HSCs.
小鼠造血干细胞（HSC）可能是高等生物中研究得最透彻的体干细胞。最近的研究表明，最高的自我更新潜能很可能包含在极少数深度休眠的骨髓 HSC 中。这些干细胞位于个别龛位中，通过血小板生成素、血管生成素和干细胞因子等信号分子来维持其休眠状态。在受到损伤信号的刺激后，休眠的 HSC 能够被有效地激活，并产生大量的祖细胞和成熟细胞。一系列细胞内调节分子，包括 FoxO、mTORC1、Fbw7、Egr1、Pbx1、pRb、c-Cbl、Myc 和 Bmi1，介导休眠、循环、自我更新、分化和存活的过程，所有这些都控制着 HSC 的行为。
