Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Immunol Lett. 2010 Jan 4;127(2):85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2009.09.009. Epub 2009 Oct 7.
Interleukin (IL)-15 is a cytokine that acts on a wide range of cell types but is most crucial for the development, homeostasis, and function of a specific group of immune cells that includes CD8 T cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and CD8 alpha alpha intraepithelial lymphocytes. IL-15 signals are transmitted through the IL-2/15R beta and common gamma (gamma C) chains; however, it is the delivery of IL-15 to these signaling components that is quite unique. As opposed to other cytokines that are secreted, IL-15 primarily exists bound to the high affinity IL-15R alpha. When IL-15/IL-15R alpha complexes are shuttled to the cell surface, they can stimulate opposing cells through the beta/gamma C receptor complex. This novel mechanism of IL-15 delivery has been called trans-presentation. This review discusses how the theory of trans-presentation came to be, evidence that it is the major mechanism of action, the current understanding of the cell types thought to mediate trans-presentation, and possible alternatives for IL-15 delivery.
白细胞介素 (IL)-15 是一种细胞因子，作用于多种细胞类型，但对一组特定的免疫细胞的发育、稳态和功能最为关键，包括 CD8 T 细胞、NK 细胞、NKT 细胞和 CD8 alpha alpha 上皮内淋巴细胞。IL-15 信号通过 IL-2/15R beta 和共同的 gamma（gamma C）链传递；然而，将 IL-15 递送至这些信号成分是非常独特的。与其他分泌的细胞因子不同，IL-15 主要与高亲和力的 IL-15R alpha 结合存在。当 IL-15/IL-15R alpha 复合物被运送到细胞表面时，它们可以通过 beta/gamma C 受体复合物刺激对立的细胞。这种新颖的 IL-15 传递机制被称为转呈。这篇综述讨论了转呈理论是如何产生的，证明它是主要的作用机制，目前对介导转呈的细胞类型的理解，以及 IL-15 传递的可能替代方案。
