Huang Shengsong, Zheng Yingfeng, Foster Paul J, Huang Wenyong, He Mingguang
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 Oct;127(10):1362-7. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.138.
To assess the prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in adults living in an urban area of southern China.
Random cluster sampling was used to identify the adults 50 years and older living in the Liwan district of Guangzhou, China. Presenting visual acuity (PVA) with habitual correction and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) based on autorefraction and subjective refraction were measured using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual chart. Blindness and low vision were defined according to World Health Organization criteria. Eyes with visual impairment were assigned 1 principal cause for the impairment.
Visual acuity measurements were available for 1399 adults 50 years and older (75.3% participation rate). The prevalence of blindness and low vision based on the PVA was 0.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.2%-1.0%) and 10.1% (95% confidence interval, 8.5%-11.7%), respectively. These rates were reduced to 0.5% and 3.1% when the BCVA was considered. Based on the PVA, the principal causes for blindness were cataract (39.6%), glaucoma (11.0%), and myopic maculopathy (6.6%). The majority of low vision cases were attributable to cataract (45.3%) and uncorrected refractive error (43.9%).
The majority of eye diseases leading to visual impairment are potentially treatable in this population.
评估中国南方城市地区成年人视力损害和失明的患病率及原因。
采用随机整群抽样法确定居住在中国广州荔湾区的50岁及以上成年人。使用糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究视力表测量基于习惯矫正的就诊视力（PVA）以及基于自动验光和主观验光的最佳矫正视力（BCVA）。根据世界卫生组织标准定义失明和视力低下。对视力受损的眼睛确定1个主要损伤原因。
获得了1399名50岁及以上成年人的视力测量结果（参与率为75.3%）。基于PVA的失明和视力低下患病率分别为0.6%（95%置信区间，0.2%-1.0%）和10.1%（95%置信区间，8.5%-11.7%）。考虑BCVA时，这些比率分别降至0.5%和3.1%。基于PVA，失明的主要原因是白内障（39.6%）、青光眼（11.0%）和近视性黄斑病变（6.6%）。大多数视力低下病例归因于白内障（45.3%）和未矫正的屈光不正（43.9%）。
在该人群中，大多数导致视力损害的眼病具有潜在可治性。
