Mwamburi L A, Laing M D, Miller R
School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, Discipline of Plant Pathology, South Africa.
Poult Sci. 2009 Nov;88(11):2307-14. doi: 10.3382/ps.2009-00212.
Field trials were carried out in the poultry houses to determine if a spray formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin isolate R444 would enhance the control potential of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) applied in chicken feed as a larvicide against house fly larvae and the emergence of adult house flies. The trials compared larval mortalities and adult house fly emergence that resulted from the Bti plus B. bassiana treatments with those resulting from a commercial larvicide, Larvadex, plus B. bassiana treatments. All treatments significantly reduced the house fly larval densities and adult house fly emergence compared with any of the agents acting alone. After 6 wk of application, house fly larvae decreased by 11% as a result of B. bassiana treatment alone, 41% for 250 mg.kg(-1) Bti alone, and 42% for 500 mg.kg(-1) Bti alone. Larval mortalities as a result of the combination treatments were 45 and 52% as a result of 250 mg.kg(-1) Bti plus B. bassiana and 500 mg.kg(-1) Bti plus B. bassiana treatments respectively. House fly larval mortalities as a result of Larvadex and B. bassiana were 30% for Larvadex alone and 38% as a result of Larvadex plus B. bassiana. The Bti treatments were more effective at inhibiting the emergence of adult house flies than Larvadex, even when Larvadex was applied together with B. bassiana. The interaction effects of Bti plus B. bassiana and Larvadex plus B. bassiana were additive. These trials suggested that in the control of house fly larvae, the efficacy of Bti, applied as a larvicide, may be improved with frequent spray applications of B. bassiana to the chicken manure.
在家禽舍进行了田间试验，以确定球孢白僵菌（Balsamo）Vuillemin分离株R444的喷雾制剂是否会增强苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种（Bti）作为杀幼虫剂添加到鸡饲料中对家蝇幼虫的防治效果以及对家蝇成虫羽化的影响。试验比较了Bti加球孢白僵菌处理与商业杀幼虫剂Larvadex加球孢白僵菌处理导致的幼虫死亡率和家蝇成虫羽化情况。与单独使用任何一种药剂相比，所有处理均显著降低了家蝇幼虫密度和家蝇成虫羽化率。施药6周后，单独使用球孢白僵菌处理使家蝇幼虫减少了11%，单独使用250 mg.kg(-1) Bti使家蝇幼虫减少了41%，单独使用500 mg.kg(-1) Bti使家蝇幼虫减少了42%。联合处理导致的幼虫死亡率分别为250 mg.kg(-1) Bti加球孢白僵菌处理45%和500 mg.kg(-1) Bti加球孢白僵菌处理52%。Larvadex单独使用时家蝇幼虫死亡率为30%，Larvadex加球孢白僵菌处理时为38%。即使Larvadex与球孢白僵菌一起使用，Bti处理在抑制家蝇成虫羽化方面也比Larvadex更有效。Bti加球孢白僵菌和Larvadex加球孢白僵菌的相互作用是相加的。这些试验表明，在控制家蝇幼虫方面，将Bti作为杀幼虫剂使用时，通过向鸡粪频繁喷雾球孢白僵菌，其效果可能会得到提高。
