Gait and Posture Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Exp Brain Res. 2010 Feb;201(1):47-57. doi: 10.1007/s00221-009-2011-2. Epub 2009 Oct 16.
An unexpected slip during gait termination results in a generalised slip response designed to regain stability and prevent a fall. With knowledge of and experience with a slippery surface, locomotor behaviour adapts to proactively diminish the effect of the slip and improve the reactive control during the slip. Our purpose was to examine the organisation of the adaptation to a slippery surface during gait termination. After receiving an unexpected slip during gait termination, participants (N = 8) experienced cued gait termination trials in which they were given knowledge of the surface characteristics (i.e., slippery or non-slippery). The observed strategy used to repeatedly stop on a slippery surface involves proactively diminishing the size of the slip perturbation through a flattened foot at heel contact, anterior shift of the COM, shorter step, stance leg extension and swing limb slowing, as well as improving the reaction to the slippery surface through decreased muscle activity and an appropriate decrease in the braking force generation. The implications of this research are that a combination of knowledge of and experience with a slippery surface enables proactive and reactive adjustments in behaviour to effectively and more safely stop walking on a slippery surface.
在步态终止时发生意外滑倒会导致全身性的滑倒反应，旨在恢复稳定性并防止摔倒。如果对滑面有了解和经验，那么运动行为会主动适应，以减轻滑倒的影响，并在滑倒过程中提高反应控制能力。我们的目的是研究在步态终止时适应滑面的组织方式。在步态终止时意外滑倒后，参与者（N=8）在有滑面特征提示的情况下进行步态终止试验（即滑面或非滑面）。在滑面上反复停止时观察到的策略包括通过脚跟接触时扁平的脚、COM 的向前移动、较短的步幅、支撑腿伸展和摆动腿减速，主动减小滑倒扰动的大小，以及通过减少肌肉活动和适当降低制动力来提高对滑面的反应能力。这项研究的意义在于，对滑面的了解和经验的结合使行为能够主动和被动地进行调整，从而更有效地、更安全地在滑面上停止行走。
