Sakai Mai, Morisaka Tadamichi, Kogi Kazunobu, Hishii Toru, Kohshima Shiro
The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Behav Processes. 2010 Jan;83(1):48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2009.10.001. Epub 2009 Oct 20.
We quantitatively analysed synchronous breathing for dyads in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins at Mikura Island, Tokyo, Japan. For most cases, we observed dyads swimming in the same direction (97%), in close proximity (i.e., less than 1.5m) and with their body axes parallel as they breathed synchronously. Moreover, the pairs engaged in identical behaviour before and after the synchronous breathing episodes. These results suggest that the dolphins synchronize their movements, and that synchronous breathing is a component of "pair-swimming", an affiliative social behaviour. Same sex pairs of the same age class frequently engaged in synchronous breathing for adults and subadults, as well as mother-calf and escort-calf pairs. The distance between individuals during synchronous breathing for mother-calf pairs was less than for other pairs. The distance observed between individuals for female pairs was less than for male pairs. The time differences between each exhale for each of the two dolphins involved in synchronous breathing episodes for female pairs were smaller than for male pairs, and time differences for adult pairs were smaller than subadult pairs. These results suggest that age and sex class influenced the characteristics of this behaviour.
我们对日本东京三宅岛的印度太平洋宽吻海豚二元组的同步呼吸进行了定量分析。在大多数情况下，我们观察到二元组在同步呼吸时朝着相同方向游动（97%），彼此靠近（即距离小于1.5米）且身体轴线平行。此外，这些二元组在同步呼吸前后表现出相同的行为。这些结果表明，海豚会同步它们的动作，并且同步呼吸是“结伴游动”这一亲和性社会行为的一个组成部分。同一年龄段的同性二元组以及母婴和护婴二元组经常进行同步呼吸。母婴二元组同步呼吸时个体之间的距离比其他二元组更小。观察到雌性二元组个体之间的距离比雄性二元组更小。参与同步呼吸的雌性二元组中，两只海豚每次呼气之间的时间差比雄性二元组更小，成年二元组的时间差比亚成年二元组更小。这些结果表明年龄和性别类别会影响这种行为的特征。
