Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2009 Nov;11(6):456-61. doi: 10.1007/s11883-009-0068-9.
Recent studies indicate that deficient vitamin D status may increase risk of both ischemic and nonischemic cardiovascular diseases independently of established cardiovascular risk factors. The role of vitamin D in potentially regulating many functions in the cardiovascular system is just beginning to be understood. Among the potentially relevant mechanisms for cardiovascular diseases, vitamin D may influence blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin system, parathyroid hormone levels, myocardial function, inflammation, and vascular calcification. Cardiovascular risk appears especially elevated at 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels below 10 or 15 ng/mL, and optimal levels may be at least 30 ng/mL. Among individuals who are not receiving substantial exposure to sun, intakes of 1000 to 2000 IU may be needed to achieve levels of at least 30 ng/mL. Further study, including properly designed randomized control trials, is required to further establish the role of vitamin D on cardiovascular diseases.
最近的研究表明，维生素 D 缺乏状态可能会增加缺血性和非缺血性心血管疾病的风险，而与已确立的心血管危险因素无关。维生素 D 在调节心血管系统许多功能方面的作用才刚刚开始被理解。在与心血管疾病相关的潜在机制中，维生素 D 可能通过肾素-血管紧张素系统、甲状旁腺激素水平、心肌功能、炎症和血管钙化来影响血压。当 25-羟维生素 D 水平低于 10 或 15ng/ml 时，心血管风险似乎特别高，而最佳水平至少应为 30ng/ml。在没有大量暴露于阳光的人群中，可能需要摄入 1000 至 2000IU 的维生素 D 才能达到至少 30ng/ml 的水平。需要进一步的研究，包括精心设计的随机对照试验，以进一步确定维生素 D 对心血管疾病的作用。
