Rissassi Jean-Robert Makulo, Nseka Mangani, Jadoul Michel, Lepira François Bompeka, Mvitu Moise, Mbenza Guy, Yekoladio Didier, Aloni Michel, Nge Okwe O
Service de néphrologie, cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), faculté de médecine, université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo.
Nephrol Ther. 2010 Feb;6(1):40-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nephro.2009.08.001. Epub 2009 Oct 22.
To determine the prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in type 1 Congolese diabetics aged less than 30 years.
Cross sectional study (june-july 2008) at the Primary Health Care Center Boyambi in Kinshasa, The Democratic Republic of the Congo. HbA(1c) and urine albumin excretion (UAE) were measured by an enzyme immunoassay method. Determinants of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria were assessed by logistic regression.
One hundred and eighty-one type 1 diabetics (female gender: 61.3%) were included in this study. They were aged 19.1+/-5.8 years and were diabetics for 57.6+/-45.1 months. HbA(1c) was superior or equal to 10% in 88%, between 7 and 10% in 4% and inferior to 7% in 8%. Prevalence of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria was 21.9% and 7.3%, respectively. Diabetes duration superior to 5 years (OR: 4.1; 95% CI [1.9-8.4]), age superior to 18 years (OR: 2.9 [1.3-6.2]) and HbA(1c) superior to 10% (OR: 2.6 [1.1-6.4]) were independent determinants of pathological UAE.
Microalbuminuria and even macroalbuminuria are very frequent in type 1 Congolese diabetics aged above or equal to 30 years, especially in those aged above 18 years and diabetics for more than 5 years. Improving diabetes control and treating microalbuminuria is urgently needed to prevent renal insufficiency among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes of The Democratic Republic of the Congo.
确定年龄小于30岁的刚果1型糖尿病患者中微量白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的患病率及决定因素。
2008年6月至7月在刚果民主共和国金沙萨的博扬比初级卫生保健中心进行横断面研究。采用酶免疫分析法测定糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和尿白蛋白排泄率（UAE）。通过逻辑回归评估微量白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的决定因素。
本研究纳入了181例1型糖尿病患者（女性占61.3%）。他们的年龄为19.1±5.8岁，糖尿病病程为57.6±45.1个月。88%的患者糖化血红蛋白≥10%，4%的患者在7%至10%之间，8%的患者低于7%。微量白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的患病率分别为21.9%和7.3%。糖尿病病程超过5年（比值比：4.1；95%可信区间[1.9 - 8.4]）、年龄超过18岁（比值比：2.9 [1.3 - 6.2]）和糖化血红蛋白≥10%（比值比：2.6 [1.1 - 6.4]）是病理性尿白蛋白排泄的独立决定因素。
在年龄≥30岁的刚果1型糖尿病患者中，微量白蛋白尿甚至大量白蛋白尿非常常见，尤其是在年龄超过18岁且糖尿病病程超过5年的患者中。迫切需要改善刚果民主共和国1型糖尿病儿童和青年的血糖控制并治疗微量白蛋白尿，以预防肾功能不全。
