Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
Prog Neurobiol. 2010 Jan 11;90(1):60-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.10.019. Epub 2009 Oct 24.
Cognitive health of an organism is considered to be maintained by the capacity of hippocampal precursors to proliferate and differentiate. Environmental stressors including irradiation have been shown to inhibit neurogenesis and are associated with the onset of cognitive impairments. Over the last two decades, much evidence has been gathered showing that enhanced free radical levels and an impaired antioxidant pool are important factors underlying the pathophysiological mechanisms in a variety of neurocognitive and neurodegenerative ailments. Since oxidative stress is reported to be implicated in impaired neurogenesis, it is likely that antioxidants such as melatonin and its metabolites could restore or minimize cellular death in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The present review summarizes the recent studies documenting the protective role of melatonin against radiation-induced impairment of neurogenesis and cognitive functions.
生物体的认知健康被认为是由海马前体细胞的增殖和分化能力来维持的。环境应激物，包括辐射，已被证明会抑制神经发生，并与认知障碍的发生有关。在过去的二十年中，大量证据表明，自由基水平升高和抗氧化剂库受损是多种神经认知和神经退行性疾病病理生理机制的重要因素。由于氧化应激被报道与神经发生受损有关，因此像褪黑素及其代谢物这样的抗氧化剂很可能会恢复或最小化海马齿状回中的细胞死亡。本综述总结了最近的研究，这些研究记录了褪黑素对抗辐射引起的神经发生和认知功能障碍的保护作用。
