[Treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms other than chronic leukemia].

The discovery of JAK2 mutation has greatly facilitated the approach to diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms besides chronic myeloid leukemia. Since major causes of morbidity and mortality in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are represented by thrombosis, bleeding, progression to myelofiblosis, and tranfromation to leukemia, risk oriented therapeutic approach is recommended. Established risk factors for cardiovascular events are represented by older age (age over 60) and previous thrombosis. While there are some concerns, the JAK2 mutational status as well as mutant allele burden might be a new surrogate marker for stratified management of PV and ET. Finally, there is a great expectation for novel drugs targeting the constitutively active JAK2/STAT pathway.