Department of Physiology and Pharmacology of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York.
J Exp Med. 1911 Nov 1;14(5):476-96. doi: 10.1084/jem.14.5.476.
Acute lethal anaphylaxis in the intact rabbit is caused by a failure of the heart. This failure of the heart is due to a change in the heart itself; it is peripheral and independent of the central nervous system for its production. This change in the heart is shown anatomically and functionally by decreased translucency, change in consistency, and by failure to respond to stimuli, and is probably to be classed as a chemical rigor. The rigor of the heart is most pronounced in the right ventricle, the wall of which may be gray, stiff, very tough to the finger nail, and non-irritable. Cardiac stimulants of the digitalis group seem to exert a harmful effect when injected in acute anaphylaxis. Blood coagulation is delayed; a loose clot forms after one half to two hours. Anti-anaphylaxis is produced when the animal does not succumb to the injection. When anaphylactic death is delayed for about one hour, a well developed rigor of the white muscles of the thigh, and of the diaphragm may occur while the animal is still alive. Reasons are brought forward to show the necessity of more caution in employing the word anaphylaxis. Friedberger's statement, that the lungs of guinea pigs dead from acute anaphylaxis are not characteristic of anaphylaxis for this animal, is shown to be baseless.
在完整的兔子中，急性致死性过敏反应是由心脏衰竭引起的。这种心脏衰竭是由于心脏本身的变化引起的；它是外周的，与中枢神经系统无关，是其产生的原因。心脏的这种变化在解剖学和功能上表现为透明度降低、一致性改变以及对刺激无反应，可能被归类为化学僵直。心脏的僵直在右心室最为明显，其壁可能呈灰色、僵硬、非常坚韧，用指甲难以触及，且无刺激性。在急性过敏反应中注射洋地黄类心脏刺激剂似乎会产生有害影响。血液凝固被延迟；大约半到两小时后会形成松散的凝块。当动物没有因注射而死亡时，就会产生抗过敏反应。当过敏反应死亡延迟约一个小时时，动物仍然活着，大腿和膈肌的白色肌肉可能会出现明显的僵直。提出了一些理由来说明在使用“过敏反应”一词时需要更加谨慎。弗里德伯格（Friedberger）的说法是，死于急性过敏反应的豚鼠的肺部对于这种动物来说并不具有过敏反应的特征，这一说法被证明是毫无根据的。
