Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2009 Nov;17(11):698-707. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200911000-00004.
The incidence of traumatic meniscal tears in children is on the rise, likely because of increased sports participation and more accurate diagnostic modalities. The increased vascularity of the developing meniscus is believed to enable greater healing potential. Meniscal tears in children are often amenable to repair, and excellent clinical results have been reported. Knee size must be considered when determining the optimal method of repair. Discoid menisci represent a spectrum of morphologic abnormalities and instability of the lateral meniscus. Highly unstable variants often present with the classic "snapping knee syndrome," whereas stable variants may remain asymptomatic until a tear develops. Asymptomatic discoid menisci should be observed, whereas symptomatic discoid menisci are best treated with saucerization and repair. Early to midterm reports on saucerization and repair of discoid lateral meniscus in children are promising.
儿童外伤性半月板撕裂的发病率呈上升趋势，可能与运动参与度增加和更准确的诊断方式有关。人们认为，不断发育的半月板具有更高的血管生成能力，从而具备更大的愈合潜力。儿童的半月板撕裂通常可以通过修复来治疗，且已有大量报道显示其具有良好的临床效果。在确定最佳的修复方法时，必须考虑到膝关节的大小。盘状半月板代表了外侧半月板形态异常和不稳定的一系列表现。高度不稳定的变异型常表现为典型的“弹响膝综合征”，而稳定的变异型可能在发生撕裂之前一直无症状。无症状的盘状半月板应予以观察，而有症状的盘状半月板最好通过切除修整来治疗。目前，关于儿童盘状外侧半月板切除修整的早期至中期报告结果令人鼓舞。
