Woerner E M, Schaaf M L
Department of Family Practice, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY 40292.
South Med J. 1991 Feb;84(2):179-85. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199102000-00007.
A screening for total blood cholesterol levels was conducted by the University of Louisville Department of Family Practice in association with the National Youth Sports Program in Louisville, Kentucky. On May 30, 1987, 224 inner-city children between 10 and 16 years of age were tested; 109 (49%) were girls and 115 (51%) were boys. All participants were black. Of the entire population, the girls had a slightly lower mean level of cholesterol than the boys (160 mg/dL vs 165 mg/dL, respectively). Because of the large number of participants aged 10 to 14 years (211), this subset of children was studied more closely. In this age group, 47 (22%) of the children were at moderate risk for future cardiovascular disease and 48 (23%) were at high risk. The serum cholesterol levels were relatively constant in all children until age 12, after which a slight reduction occurred. This decrease is more evident in boys. Our study also showed a correlation between increased blood cholesterol and above normal weight/height indices (ie, Quetelet scores), with nearly 70% of all children having elevated cholesterol levels also exhibiting above normal Quetelet scores. We observed no correlation between high cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in this study population. Dietary intervention is recommended as the initial treatment for elevated cholesterol levels in children.
路易斯维尔大学家庭医学系与肯塔基州路易斯维尔市的国家青年体育项目合作，对全血胆固醇水平进行了一次筛查。1987年5月30日，对224名年龄在10至16岁的市中心儿童进行了检测；其中109名（49%）为女孩，115名（51%）为男孩。所有参与者均为黑人。在整个人口中，女孩的平均胆固醇水平略低于男孩（分别为160毫克/分升和165毫克/分升）。由于有大量10至14岁的参与者（211名），因此对这一儿童亚组进行了更深入的研究。在这个年龄组中，47名（22%）儿童未来患心血管疾病的风险为中度，48名（23%）为高风险。在12岁之前，所有儿童的血清胆固醇水平相对稳定，之后略有下降。这种下降在男孩中更为明显。我们的研究还表明，血液胆固醇升高与体重/身高指数高于正常水平（即奎特利指数）之间存在相关性，所有胆固醇水平升高的儿童中，近70%的奎特利指数也高于正常水平。在这个研究人群中，我们没有观察到高胆固醇水平与高血压之间的相关性。建议将饮食干预作为儿童胆固醇水平升高的初始治疗方法。
