Chang Lillian Y, Klatzky Roberta L, Pollard Nancy S
Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
J Mot Behav. 2010 Jan-Feb;42(1):11-27. doi: 10.1080/00222890903269195.
Participants lifted a canister by its handle while balancing a ball on the lid. Experiment 1 allowed object rotation prior to lifting. A lifting comfort zone was measured by the variability in object orientation at lift; its size depended on the object mass and required task precision. The amount of prelift rotation correlated with the resulting change in lifting capability, as measured for different object orientations. Experiment 2 required direct grasping without preparatory rotation. Task completion time and success rate decreased, and initial object orientation affected prelift time. Results suggest that lifting from the comfort zone produces more robust performance at a cost of slower completion; moreover, physical rotation could be replaced by mental planning when direct grasping is enforced.
参与者通过手柄提起一个罐子，同时在盖子上平衡一个球。实验1允许在提起之前物体旋转。通过提起时物体方向的变化来测量提起舒适区；其大小取决于物体质量和所需的任务精度。如针对不同物体方向所测量的，提起前的旋转量与提起能力的最终变化相关。实验2要求直接抓取而无需准备性旋转。任务完成时间和成功率降低，并且初始物体方向影响提起前的时间。结果表明，从舒适区提起以完成速度较慢为代价产生更稳健的表现；此外，当强制直接抓取时，身体旋转可以由心理规划替代。
