Kim K E
Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Feb;43(2):583-8.
Calcium channel blockers are effective antihypertensive agents, both as initial monotherapy and in combination with other antihypertensive agents. These drugs are also effective in the treatment of chronic, stable angina, variant angina and supraventricular arrhythmias. Drugs in this class have different affinities for calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, cardiac sinus and atrioventricular node. They are all useful in hypertension and angina, but only verapamil and diltiazem are also useful in the control of heart rate and supraventricular arrhythmias. Nimodipine may control vascular spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Calcium channel blockers have also been used in the treatment of migraine headache and Raynaud's phenomenon.
钙通道阻滞剂是有效的抗高血压药物，可作为初始单一疗法，也可与其他抗高血压药物联合使用。这些药物在治疗慢性稳定性心绞痛、变异型心绞痛和室上性心律失常方面也有效。此类药物对血管平滑肌、心肌、心脏窦房结和房室结中的钙通道具有不同的亲和力。它们在高血压和心绞痛治疗中均有用，但只有维拉帕米和地尔硫䓬在控制心率和室上性心律失常方面也有用。尼莫地平可控制蛛网膜下腔出血后的血管痉挛。钙通道阻滞剂也已用于治疗偏头痛和雷诺现象。
