Family Health International, PO Box 13952, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Contraception. 2009 Dec;80(6):497-9. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2009.06.005. Epub 2009 Jul 10.
The term "forgettable contraception" has received less attention in family planning than has "long-acting reversible contraception." Defined here as a method requiring attention no more often than every 3 years, forgettable contraception includes sterilization (female or male), intrauterine devices, and implants. Five principal factors determine contraceptive effectiveness: efficacy, compliance, continuation, fecundity, and the timing of coitus. Of these, compliance and continuation dominate; the key determinants of contraceptive effectiveness are human, not pharmacological. Human nature undermines methods with high theoretical efficacy, such as oral contraceptives and injectable contraceptives. By obviating the need to think about contraception for long intervals, forgettable contraception can help overcome our human fallibility. As a result, all forgettable contraception methods provide first-tier effectiveness (</=2 pregnancies per 100 women per year) in typical use. Stated alternatively, the only class of contraceptives today with exclusively first-tier effectiveness is the one that can be started -- and then forgotten for years.
“易被遗忘的避孕方法”在计划生育中受到的关注不如“长效可逆避孕方法”多。这里将其定义为每 3 年以上无需关注的方法,易被遗忘的避孕方法包括绝育(女性或男性)、宫内节育器和植入物。避孕效果主要由五个因素决定:效果、依从性、持续使用、生育能力和性交时间。在这些因素中,依从性和持续使用起主要作用;避孕效果的关键决定因素是人为因素,而不是药理学因素。人类的本性破坏了具有高理论效果的方法,如口服避孕药和注射避孕药。易被遗忘的避孕方法可以帮助克服我们人类的易错性,因为它可以避免长时间考虑避孕。因此,所有易被遗忘的避孕方法在典型使用中都提供了一级效果(</=每 100 名女性每年 2 次妊娠)。换句话说,今天唯一具有完全一级效果的避孕方法是可以开始使用——然后多年无需考虑的方法。