Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-3028, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2009 Nov;94(6):1591-9. doi: 10.1037/a0016539.
In 2 studies that draw from the social role theory of sex differences (A. H. Eagly, W. Wood, & A. B. Diekman, 2000), the authors investigated differences in agentic and communal characteristics in letters of recommendation for men and women for academic positions and whether such differences influenced selection decisions in academia. The results supported the hypotheses, indicating (a) that women were described as more communal and less agentic than men (Study 1) and (b) that communal characteristics have a negative relationship with hiring decisions in academia that are based on letters of recommendation (Study 2). Such results are particularly important because letters of recommendation continue to be heavily weighted and commonly used selection tools (R. D. Arvey & T. E. Campion, 1982; R. M. Guion, 1998), particularly in academia (E. P. Sheehan, T. M. McDevitt, & H. C. Ross, 1998).
在两项借鉴社会角色理论性别差异的研究中（A. H. Eagly、W. Wood 和 A. B. Diekman，2000），作者调查了学术职位推荐信中对男性和女性的进取型和关系型特征的差异，以及这些差异是否会影响学术界的选拔决策。研究结果支持了假设，表明(a)与男性相比，女性被描述为更具有关系型特征，而进取型特征更少（研究 1），以及(b)关系型特征与基于推荐信的学术招聘决策呈负相关（研究 2）。这些结果尤为重要，因为推荐信仍然是被高度重视和广泛使用的选拔工具（R. D. Arvey 和 T. E. Campion，1982；R. M. Guion，1998），特别是在学术界（E. P. Sheehan、T. M. McDevitt 和 H. C. Ross，1998）。
