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同步光照和限制饲养时间对金头鲷(Sparus aurata)行为和体液日节律的影响。

Synchronization to light and restricted-feeding schedules of behavioral and humoral daily rhythms in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

机构信息

Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Spain.

出版信息

Chronobiol Int. 2009 Oct;26(7):1389-408. doi: 10.3109/07420520903421922.

Abstract

Food is not continuously available in the wild, and so most animals show a wide variety of circadian rhythms that can be entrained to feeding time. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of time-restricted feeding on the daily rhythms of gilthead sea bream, with food being provided during the day or night under a 12:12 h light-dark (LD) cycle or constant light (LL) conditions. Self-feeding and locomotor activity, as well as daily rhythms of cortisol, glucose, and melatonin, were evaluated. Fish synchronized their feeding behavior to the feeding phase, so that in LD they displayed 78% nocturnal feeding activity under night-feeding and 81% diurnal feeding activity under day-feeding, while under LL-feeding they displayed 72% of their daily activity during the 12 h feeding phase. In contrast, locomotor activity was mostly diurnal (66-71%), regardless of the feeding schedule, and it became arrhythmic under LL. Cortisol showed daily rhythms that peaked at different times, depending on the light and feeding schedule: one peak several hours before feeding under day-feeding and night-feeding, and two peaks under LL-feeding. Glucose displayed low-amplitude variations, with no daily rhythms being detected. Melatonin, however, showed a nocturnal rhythm, regardless of the feeding schedule, while the rhythm became attenuated under LL. Taken together, these results highlight the role of feeding on endocrine and metabolic rhythms, suggesting that feeding behavior should be considered when studying these variables.

摘要

食物在野外不是连续供应的,因此大多数动物表现出多种可以与摄食时间同步的昼夜节律。本研究旨在评估限时喂养对真鲷昼夜节律的影响,在 12:12 小时明暗(LD)周期或持续光照(LL)条件下,白天或晚上提供食物。评估了自我喂养和运动活动,以及皮质醇、葡萄糖和褪黑素的日常节律。鱼类将摄食行为与摄食阶段同步,因此在 LD 下,夜间摄食时显示 78%的夜间摄食活动,白天摄食时显示 81%的日间摄食活动,而在 LL 摄食时,它们在 12 小时摄食阶段内显示 72%的日常活动。相比之下,运动活动主要是白天(66-71%),与喂养时间表无关,在 LL 下变得无节律。皮质醇显示出不同时间达到峰值的昼夜节律,这取决于光和喂养时间表:在白天喂养和夜间喂养下,一个峰值出现在喂食前几个小时,而在 LL 喂养下则有两个峰值。葡萄糖显示出低振幅的变化,没有检测到昼夜节律。然而,褪黑素表现出夜间节律,无论喂养时间表如何,而在 LL 下,节律会减弱。总之,这些结果强调了摄食对内分泌和代谢节律的作用,表明在研究这些变量时应考虑摄食行为。

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