Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010 Mar;7(3):225-33. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0387.
Cholera, travelers' diarrhea, or colibacillosis in pigs can possibly be prevented or attenuated by dietary provision of competitive inhibitors that react with the GM1-binding sites of the enterotoxins cholera toxin (CT), human Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin of serogroup I (LTh-I), and porcine LT-I (LTp-I). The interfering efficiency of natural substances with binding of the toxins to the gangliosid receptor GM1 was tested using a specially adapted GM1-coated-microtiter-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The substances tested for their GM1 displacing capacity were galactose-containing or -related saccharides from bovine milk, skim milk powder, galactan from gum arabic, food stabilizers as well as ground fenugreek seed and soy bean constituents that contain galactomannans, the galactopolysaccharides agar and agarose, and larch wood and other plant materials that contain arabinogalactans. Skim milk powder, compared with the pure milk saccharides tested, interfered to a higher extent with LTh-I (65-66% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) and CT binding (63-67% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) when supplied before or simultaneously with the toxins in the GM1-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ground fenugreek seed counteracted GM1 binding of 5 ng LTh-I/mL as well as 5 ng and 1 microg LTp-I/mL (43-65% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL), and 4 ng CT/mL (61-92% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) very efficiently when supplied before the toxin-GM1 complex had formed. With 50 mg/mL fenugreek seed, inhibition percentages of even 92-99% were reached for LTh-I and CT binding. Efforts to resolve already bound toxin from GM1 with the test substances were less effective than preincubations and concurrent incubations.
霍乱、旅行者腹泻或猪大肠埃希氏菌病可以通过饮食提供竞争性抑制剂来预防或减轻，这些抑制剂与肠毒素霍乱毒素（CT）、人肠产毒性大肠埃希氏菌不耐热肠毒素 I 型（LTh-I）和猪 LT-I（LTp-I）的 GM1 结合位点发生反应。使用专门设计的 GM1 包被微孔板酶联免疫吸附试验，测试了天然物质与毒素结合到神经节苷脂受体 GM1 的结合效率。为了测试它们的 GM1 置换能力，我们测试了牛初乳、脱脂奶粉、阿拉伯胶半乳聚糖、食品稳定剂以及含有半乳甘露聚糖的胡芦巴种子和大豆成分、半乳糖聚糖琼脂和琼脂糖、含有阿拉伯半乳聚糖的落叶松木材和其他植物材料等含半乳糖的或与半乳糖有关的糖。与测试的纯牛奶糖相比，脱脂奶粉在 GM1 酶联免疫吸附试验中，在与毒素同时供应或之前供应时，对 LTh-I（5mg 测试物质/mL 时抑制率为 65-66%）和 CT 结合（5mg 测试物质/mL 时抑制率为 63-67%）的干扰程度更高。胡芦巴种子在毒素-GM1 复合物形成之前，可以有效抑制 5ng LTh-I/mL、5ng 和 1μg LTP-I/mL（5mg 测试物质/mL 时抑制率为 43-65%）以及 4ng CT/mL（5mg 测试物质/mL 时抑制率为 61-92%）与 GM1 的结合。使用 50mg/mL 胡芦巴种子，甚至可以达到 92-99%的 LTh-I 和 CT 结合抑制率。与预孵育和同时孵育相比，用测试物质从 GM1 中解析已结合毒素的效果较差。
