University of Tuebingen, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Laboratory for NeuroRegeneration and Repair, Otfried-Mueller Strasse 27, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2009 Dec;13(12):1387-98. doi: 10.1517/14728220903307517.
Axonal damage and degeneration are prominent components of acute neurological disorders such as stroke, brain and spinal cord injuries, leading to the dysfunction of neuronal networks, which is largely responsible for the impaired neurological function. In the CNS, injured axons not only degenerate but are unable to regenerate and have a limited capacity to sprout and re-establish lost connections. Therefore, axonal damage often results in long term disability. Strategies aimed at fostering neurological recovery by promoting axonal sprouting and regeneration have largely targeted the glial inhibitory environment that develops following central nervous system injury. However, experimental evidence suggests that providing a favorable environment may not be the sole and sufficient means for functional regeneration, and that activating the limited intrinsic potential of neurons to sprout and regenerate may represent an alternative and complementary therapeutic approach. Experimental data that show how the modulation of the intrinsic potential of neurons can promote axonal sprouting and regeneration in the CNS are presented and discussed. These data may suggest future therapeutic opportunities to promote recovery in acute neurological disorders.
轴突损伤和退化是中风、脑和脊髓损伤等急性神经紊乱的突出组成部分，导致神经元网络功能障碍，这在很大程度上是由于神经功能受损。在中枢神经系统中，损伤的轴突不仅退化，而且无法再生，并且有有限的能力发芽和重新建立失去的连接。因此，轴突损伤通常导致长期残疾。旨在通过促进轴突发芽和再生来促进神经恢复的策略主要针对中枢神经系统损伤后形成的神经胶质抑制环境。然而，实验证据表明，提供有利的环境可能不是功能再生的唯一和充分手段，激活神经元有限的内在潜力发芽和再生可能代表另一种互补的治疗方法。提出并讨论了显示神经元内在潜力的调节如何促进中枢神经系统中轴突发芽和再生的实验数据。这些数据可能表明在急性神经紊乱中促进恢复的未来治疗机会。
