Roelen C A M, Koopmans P C, Groothoff J W
Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Work. 2009;34(1):13-9. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2009-0898.
Work stress is an important problem that shifted sickness absence research to the psychosocial work environment at the expense of physical or chemical hazards. Most studies investigated the psychosocial work environment using the Demand-Control model. However, this model does not consider coping styles which are important in absenteeism. The Effort-Reward Imbalance model takes coping into account. Little is known about occupational rewards and their relationship with sickness absence. This study investigated the relations between occupational rewards and the frequency and duration of sickness absence among 366 workers. The data of 326 employees (89%) were suitable for statistical analysis. Rewards in terms of job esteem (OR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.47-0.87) and job perspectives (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.57-0.84) were negatively related to the absence frequency in men. Satisfaction with income (OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.35-0.81) was negatively related to the absence frequency in women. Occupational rewards were not associated with the mean duration of absence episodes. The associations we found warrant more attention for occupational rewards in sickness absence research.
工作压力是一个重要问题，它使疾病缺勤研究转向心理社会工作环境，而忽视了身体或化学危害。大多数研究使用需求-控制模型来调查心理社会工作环境。然而，该模型没有考虑应对方式，而应对方式在缺勤方面很重要。努力-回报失衡模型考虑了应对因素。关于职业回报及其与疾病缺勤的关系，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了366名工人的职业回报与疾病缺勤频率和持续时间之间的关系。326名员工（89%）的数据适合进行统计分析。在男性中，工作自尊方面的回报（OR = 0.64；95% CI = 0.47 - 0.87）和职业前景（OR = 0.59；95% CI = 0.57 - 0.84）与缺勤频率呈负相关。收入满意度（OR = 0.53；95% CI = 0.35 - 0.81）与女性的缺勤频率呈负相关。职业回报与缺勤发作的平均持续时间无关。我们发现的这些关联值得在疾病缺勤研究中更多地关注职业回报。
