Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Mar;21(3):159-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2009.10.004. Epub 2009 Nov 18.
Stress and emotional brain networks foster eating behaviors that can lead to obesity. The neural networks underlying the complex interactions among stressors, body, brain and food intake are now better understood. Stressors, by activating a neural stress-response network, bias cognition toward increased emotional activity and degraded executive function. This causes formed habits to be used rather than a cognitive appraisal of responses. Stress also induces secretion of glucocorticoids, which increases motivation for food, and insulin, which promotes food intake and obesity. Pleasurable feeding then reduces activity in the stress-response network, reinforcing the feeding habit. These effects of stressors emphasize the importance of teaching mental reappraisal techniques to restore responses from habitual to thoughtful, thus battling stress-induced obesity.
压力和情绪大脑网络促进了可能导致肥胖的进食行为。现在，人们对压力源、身体、大脑和食物摄入之间复杂相互作用的神经网络有了更好的理解。压力源通过激活神经应激反应网络，使认知偏向于增加情绪活动和降低执行功能。这导致形成的习惯被使用，而不是对反应进行认知评估。压力还会诱导糖皮质激素的分泌，从而增加对食物的渴望，促进胰岛素分泌，进而导致食物摄入和肥胖。愉快的进食会降低应激反应网络的活动，从而强化进食习惯。这些压力源的影响强调了教授心理再评价技术的重要性，以恢复从习惯性到深思熟虑的反应，从而对抗应激诱导的肥胖。
