Sherman K E
Gastroenterology Service, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colo. 80045.
Arch Intern Med. 1991 Feb;151(2):260-5.
Alanine aminotransferase is an enzyme produced mainly in the liver. When serum activity is measured, it provides a marker of hepatic disease. This review explores the biochemistry and laboratory analysis of alanine aminotransferase in terms of its significance in human health and disease. Cut-off levels that define abnormality are rather arbitrary and this decreases the specificity of the test in apparently healthy patients. A small, but important, group of patients with alanine aminotransferase abnormality have underlying liver disease that may be treatable. Most can be diagnosed based on history, physical examination, and biochemical-serological profiles. Liver biopsy can complement the diagnostic process in selected circumstances. Literature pertaining to this is critically reviewed.
丙氨酸氨基转移酶是一种主要在肝脏中产生的酶。在测量血清活性时，它可作为肝病的一个标志物。本综述从丙氨酸氨基转移酶在人类健康和疾病中的意义方面探讨了其生物化学及实验室分析。定义异常的临界值相当随意，这降低了该检测在看似健康的患者中的特异性。一小部分但很重要的丙氨酸氨基转移酶异常患者存在可能可治疗的潜在肝病。大多数患者可根据病史、体格检查及生化 - 血清学特征进行诊断。在特定情况下，肝活检可辅助诊断过程。对此相关文献进行了批判性综述。
