Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Neurologia, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8-00168 Roma, Italy.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009 Dec;10(17):2883-96. doi: 10.1517/14656560903386292.
Tetrabenazine (TBZ) depletes presynaptic dopamine in the CNS. It has been found to be beneficial in hyperkinetic movement disorders without carrying the extrapyramidal side effects that are characteristic of neuroleptics.
To summarize current knowledge on the use of TBZ and draw conclusions about its efficacy and safety.
PubMed literature searches using the term 'tetrabenazine' were carried out for the period prior to May 2009. Additional relevant studies referenced by these publications were included.
Both short- and long-term studies have consistently yielded favorable results for the use of TBZ in the treatment of hyperkinetic movement in terms of efficacy and safety. TBZ is most effective in reducing chorea (including Huntington's disease associated chorea), tic associated with Tourette's syndrome and tardive dyskinesias. Furthermore, TBZ might also have potential for use in other hyperkinetic disorders (e.g., myoclonus and dystonia), for which future clinical trials are needed.
四苯嗪（TBZ）可使中枢神经系统中的突触前多巴胺耗竭。它已被发现对运动障碍性疾病有益，而没有神经安定药的典型锥体外系副作用。
总结四苯嗪的使用现状，并对其疗效和安全性做出结论。
使用术语“四苯嗪”对 2009 年 5 月之前的 PubMed 文献进行检索。还包括这些出版物中引用的其他相关研究。
无论是短期还是长期研究，在治疗运动障碍性运动方面，TBZ 的疗效和安全性都得到了一致的良好结果。TBZ 对减少舞蹈症（包括亨廷顿病相关的舞蹈症）、与妥瑞氏综合征相关的抽搐和迟发性运动障碍最为有效。此外，TBZ 也可能对其他运动障碍性疾病（如肌阵挛和肌张力障碍）有效，这需要进一步的临床试验。
