Mental Health Nurse, School of Nursing, Otago Polytechnic, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2009 Dec;16(10):865-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2009.01465.x.
This hermeneutic phenomenological study, informed by Max van Manen and Martin Heidegger, describes what it is like for four older women to live with depression. Each participant was interviewed up to three times. Interviews were semi-structured, audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using van Manen's methodological themes and Heidegger's philosophical concepts of Being-in-the-world and Being-with-others. The themes that emerged were: self-loathing; being overwhelmed by the feelings; hiding from the world; the struggle of everyday life; Being-alone; misinterpreting self and other people; the stigma of mental illness - society and self; and seeking understanding from other people. The findings revealed that depression had a major effect on the women's beliefs about themselves, resulting in a self-loathing and a feeling of failure. The participants described how their self-loathing caused them to believe that other people thought badly of them, which led to their withdrawal. Their inability to connect contributed to them feeling alone and isolated. These women were more able to talk to other people when they were met with understanding. This has implications for the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, which is fundamental to mental health nursing, because the relationship should be based upon an understanding of the patient's world.
本解释现象学研究受马克斯·范梅南（Max van Manen）和马丁·海德格尔（Martin Heidegger）的启发，描述了四位老年女性如何与抑郁症共存。每位参与者都接受了多达三次的访谈。访谈采用半结构化、录音和逐字转录的方式进行。使用 van Manen 的方法主题和 Heidegger 的存在于世界中和与他人存在的哲学概念对数据进行了分析。出现的主题包括：自我厌恶；被情绪淹没；逃避世界；日常生活的挣扎；孤独；误解自己和他人；精神疾病的污名——社会和自我；以及从他人那里寻求理解。研究结果表明，抑郁症对女性对自己的信念产生了重大影响，导致自我厌恶和失败感。参与者描述了他们的自我厌恶如何使他们相信别人对他们有不好的看法，从而导致他们退缩。他们无法联系导致他们感到孤独和孤立。当这些女性得到理解时，她们更能够与他人交谈。这对治疗性护患关系具有重要意义，因为这种关系是精神健康护理的基础，因为这种关系应该建立在对患者世界的理解之上。
