Scott C S, Barrows H S, Brock D M, Hunt D D
Department of Medical Education; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, 98195.
Acad Med. 1991 Feb;66(2):106-11. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199102000-00013.
This paper describes a 1988-1989 collaborative mail survey of faculty opinion about clinical behaviors and skills that students should be expected to demonstrate prior to graduation from undergraduate medical school (hereafter called "exit objectives"). Selected faculty from 12 American and Canadian medical schools indicated whether each of 77 objectives was essential for every student to know or demonstrate prior to graduation; useful but not essential at the undergraduate level; or not applicable to their undergraduate program. Their responses provide a glimpse into faculty expectations regarding some of the exit behaviours and skills they deemed essential. Forty-two percent (32) of the 77 objectives were regarded as essential by 75% or more of the faculty members who responded. Essential objectives involved conducting organ system examinations, formulating problems and hypotheses, and gathering fundamental interview, physical, and screening examination data, including emergency examinations of the airway and circulatory systems. Other essential objectives involved collaboration and communication, demonstrating concern for legal and ethical values, and keeping abreast of current information within the discipline. Exit objectives related to the diagnosis and management of specific conditions were regarded as useful but not essential at the undergraduate level. Implications for medical education are discussed.
本文描述了一项于1988年至1989年开展的合作性邮件调查，该调查旨在了解教师对于本科医学院校毕业前（以下简称“毕业目标”）学生应展示的临床行为和技能的看法。来自12所美国和加拿大医学院校的选定教师指出，77项目标中的每一项对于每位学生在毕业前了解或展示来说是否必不可少；在本科阶段有用但非必不可少；或者不适用于他们的本科课程。他们的回答让我们得以一窥教师对于他们认为必不可少的一些毕业行为和技能的期望。在做出回应的教师中，77项目标中有42%（32项）被75%或更多的教师视为必不可少。基本目标包括进行器官系统检查、提出问题和假设，以及收集基本的问诊、体格检查和筛查检查数据，包括气道和循环系统的紧急检查。其他基本目标包括合作与沟通、展示对法律和道德价值观的关注，以及了解该学科的最新信息。与特定病症的诊断和管理相关的毕业目标在本科阶段被认为有用但非必不可少。本文还讨论了对医学教育的启示。
