Mehta Nilesh M, Duggan Christopher P
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Bader 634, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2009 Oct;56(5):1143-60. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.06.007.
A significant proportion of critically ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) present with nutritional deficiencies. Malnourished hospitalized patients have a higher rate of complications, increased mortality, longer length of hospital stay, and increased hospital costs. Critical illness may further contribute to nutritional deteriorate with poor outcomes. Younger age, longer duration of PICU stay, congenital heart disease, burn injury, and need for mechanical ventilation support are some of the factors that are associated with worse nutritional deficiencies. Failure to estimate energy requirements accurately, barriers to bedside delivery of nutrients, and reluctance to perform regular nutritional assessments are responsible for the persistence and delayed detection of malnutrition in this cohort.
入住儿科重症监护病房(PICU)的重症患儿中,很大一部分存在营养缺乏问题。营养不良的住院患者并发症发生率更高、死亡率增加、住院时间延长且住院费用增加。危重病可能会进一步导致营养状况恶化,预后不良。年龄较小、PICU住院时间较长、先天性心脏病、烧伤以及需要机械通气支持等都是与更严重营养缺乏相关的一些因素。未能准确估计能量需求、床边营养输送存在障碍以及不愿进行定期营养评估,是导致该队列中营养不良持续存在和检测延迟的原因。