Miller J J, Valdes R
Department of Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292.
Clin Chem. 1991 Feb;37(2):144-53.
Here we review techniques useful in eliminating or reducing interferences caused by molecules that cross-react in immunoassays. The biochemical rationale for using these techniques is discussed. Examples are taken from recent studies aimed at reducing interferences caused by endogenous molecules such as digoxin-like immunoreactive factors or steroid hormones. In this context the role of protein-binding of cross-reacting molecules is also considered. Immunoassay ligand selectivity can be inherently limited by the heterogeneity of the antigenic response or by the structural similarity of epitopes on multiple ligands. Certain empirical approaches have proved useful in maximizing the analytical specificity of immunoassays. These approaches include isolating the relevant ligands before immunoassay, adjusting the kinetic or equilibrium conditions used during the assays, and developing more specific antisera. The physicochemical properties of the cross-reacting molecule best dictate which technique(s) to use. The approaches discussed here are general and apply to minimizing interference caused by a wide variety of both endogenous and exogenous cross-reacting molecules.
在此，我们回顾了有助于消除或减少免疫分析中交叉反应分子所引起干扰的技术。文中讨论了使用这些技术的生化原理。实例取自近期旨在减少内源性分子（如地高辛样免疫反应因子或甾体激素）所引起干扰的研究。在此背景下，还考虑了交叉反应分子的蛋白质结合作用。免疫分析配体的选择性可能会因抗原反应的异质性或多种配体上抗原决定簇的结构相似性而固有地受到限制。某些经验方法已证明有助于使免疫分析的分析特异性最大化。这些方法包括在免疫分析前分离相关配体、调整分析过程中使用的动力学或平衡条件，以及开发更具特异性的抗血清。交叉反应分子的物理化学性质最能决定使用哪种技术。本文讨论的方法具有普遍性，适用于将各种内源性和外源性交叉反应分子所引起的干扰降至最低。
