Katsarava Z, Dzagnidze A, Kukava M, Mirvelashvili E, Djibuti M, Janelidze M, Jensen R, Stovner L J, Steiner T J
Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
Neurology. 2009 Nov 24;73(21):1796-803. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c34abb.
To estimate the 1-year prevalences of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), and identify their principal risk factors, in the general population of the Republic of Georgia.
In a community-based door-to-door survey, 4 medical residents interviewed all biologically unrelated adult members (>/=16 years) of 500 adjacent households in Tbilisi, the capital city, and 300 in rural Kakheti in eastern Georgia, using a previously validated questionnaire based on International Headache Society diagnostic criteria.
The target population included 1,145 respondents, 690 (60%) women, mean age 45.4 +/- 12.0 years. The 1-year prevalences were as follows: migraine 6.5% (95% confidence interval 5.0-7.9), probable migraine 9.2% (7.5-10.8), all migraine 15.6% (13.5%-17.7%), TTH 10.0% (8.2-11.7), probable TTH 27.3% (24.8-29.9), all TTH 37.3% (34.5%-40.1%). Female gender and low socioeconomic status were risk factors for migraine but not for TTH. Headache on >/=15 days/month was reported by 87 respondents, a prevalence of 7.6% (6.1-9.1). Female gender, low socioeconomic status, and frequent use (>/=10 days/month) of acute headache drugs were risk factors. The likely prevalence of medication overuse headache was 0.9% (0.3-1.4), of chronic migraine 1.4% (0.7-2.1), and of chronic TTH 3.3% (2.3-4.4), but caution is needed in interpreting these estimates.
While the prevalences of migraine and tension-type headache are comparable with those in Europe and the United States, a remarkably high percentage of the population of Georgia have headache on >/=15 days/month. This study demonstrates the importance of socioeconomic factors in a developing country and unmasks the unmet needs of people with headache disorders.
评估格鲁吉亚共和国普通人群中偏头痛和紧张型头痛（TTH）的1年患病率，并确定其主要危险因素。
在一项基于社区的挨家挨户调查中，4名住院医师使用基于国际头痛协会诊断标准且先前已验证的问卷，对首都第比利斯500户相邻家庭以及格鲁吉亚东部农村卡赫季300户家庭中所有无血缘关系的成年成员（≥16岁）进行了访谈。
目标人群包括1145名受访者，其中690名（60%）为女性，平均年龄45.4±12.0岁。1年患病率如下：偏头痛6.5%（95%置信区间5.0 - 7.9），可能偏头痛9.2%（7.5 - 10.8），所有偏头痛15.6%（13.5% - 17.7%），TTH 10.0%（8.2 - 11.7），可能TTH 27.3%（24.8 - 29.9），所有TTH 37.3%（34.5% - 40.1%）。女性性别和低社会经济地位是偏头痛的危险因素，但不是TTH的危险因素。87名受访者报告每月头痛≥15天，患病率为7.6%（6.1 - 9.1）。女性性别、低社会经济地位以及频繁使用（每月≥10天）急性头痛药物是危险因素。药物滥用性头痛的可能患病率为0.9%（0.3 - 1.4），慢性偏头痛为1.4%（0.7 - 2.1），慢性TTH为3.3%（2.3 - 4.4），但在解释这些估计值时需谨慎。
虽然偏头痛和紧张型头痛的患病率与欧洲和美国相当，但格鲁吉亚相当高比例的人口每月头痛≥15天。本研究证明了社会经济因素在发展中国家的重要性，并揭示了头痛疾病患者未满足的需求。
