Department of Neurology, University of Bochum, Germany.
Cephalalgia. 2012 Apr;32(5):373-81. doi: 10.1177/0333102412438977. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
To estimate the 1-year prevalences of primary headache disorders and identify their principal risk factors in the general population of Russia.
A countrywide population-based random sample of 2725 biologically unrelated adults in 35 cities and nine rural areas were interviewed in a door-to-door survey using a previously validated diagnostic questionnaire.
Of the 2725 eligible adults contacted, 2025 (74.3%) responded (females 52.6%, mean age 39.5 ± 13.4 years). Of these, 1273 (62.9%) reported headache 'not related to flu, hangover, cold, head injury' occurring at least once in the previous year. The gender- and age-standardized 1-year prevalence of migraine was 20.8%. Female gender (odds ratio (OR) = 3.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8-5.1) and obesity (OR = 1.5; 1.1-2.1) were positively associated with this type of headache. The gender- and age-standardized 1-year prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH) was 30.8%. TTH was more prevalent in urban than in rural areas (OR = 1.6; 1.3-2.0). Headache on ≥15 days/month was reported by 213 (10.5%) respondents (gender- and age-standardized prevalence 10.4%), and associated with low socioeconomic status (OR = 3.4; 2.4-4.9), obesity (OR = 3.0; 2.1-4.3), female gender (OR = 2.9; 2.1-4.1) and age over 40 years (OR = 2.6; 1.9-3.6). The majority of these respondents (68.1%) overused acute headache medications.
The study demonstrated a high prevalence of migraine and a very high prevalence of headache on ≥15 days/month, and revealed unmet health-care needs of people with headache in Russia.
评估俄罗斯普通人群原发性头痛障碍的 1 年患病率，并确定其主要危险因素。
在全国范围内，对 35 个城市和 9 个农村地区的 2725 名无生物学关系的成年人进行了一项基于人群的随机抽样调查，使用预先验证的诊断问卷进行上门调查。
在 2725 名符合条件的成年人中，有 2025 名（52.6%为女性，平均年龄 39.5±13.4 岁）做出回应。其中，1273 人（62.9%）报告称，过去一年中至少出现过一次“与流感、宿醉、感冒、头部受伤无关”的头痛。性别和年龄标准化的偏头痛 1 年患病率为 20.8%。女性（比值比（OR）=3.8；95%置信区间（CI）2.8-5.1）和肥胖（OR=1.5；1.1-2.1）与这种类型的头痛呈正相关。性别和年龄标准化的紧张型头痛（TTH）1 年患病率为 30.8%。TTH 在城市地区比农村地区更为普遍（OR=1.6；1.3-2.0）。213 名（10.5%）受访者报告称每月头痛超过 15 天（性别和年龄标准化患病率为 10.4%），且与社会经济地位较低（OR=3.4；2.4-4.9）、肥胖（OR=3.0；2.1-4.3）、女性（OR=2.9；2.1-4.1）和年龄超过 40 岁（OR=2.6；1.9-3.6）有关。这些受访者中的大多数（68.1%）过度使用急性头痛药物。
该研究表明，偏头痛的患病率很高，每月头痛超过 15 天的患病率也非常高，揭示了俄罗斯头痛患者未满足的医疗保健需求。
