Lekan Deborah
Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2009 Oct-Dec;32(4):307-21. doi: 10.1097/ANS.0b013e3181bd994c.
Despite improvements in many aspects of health, African American women experience early onset of disease and disability and increased mortality because of health disparities. African American women experience stress and health disadvantages because of the interaction and multiplicative effects of race, gender, class, and age. Sojourner Syndrome is an illustrative and symbolic representation that describes the multiple roles and social identities of African American women on the basis of historical referents and adaptive behaviors that fostered survival and resilience under oppressive circumstances. Adaptive behaviors also precipitated health risks due to chronic active coping. Weathering describes the cumulative health impact of persistent stress and chronic active coping that contributes to early health deterioration and increased morbidity, disability, and mortality in African American women. An emancipatory knowing nursing perspective provides a viewpoint from which to examine social injustices that create conditions for the excessive health burdens experienced by African American women and to frame nursing actions that create opportunities to promote health and eliminate health disparities.
尽管在健康的许多方面都有所改善，但由于健康差距，非裔美国女性疾病和残疾发病早且死亡率增加。由于种族、性别、阶级和年龄的相互作用及倍增效应，非裔美国女性面临压力和健康劣势。索杰纳综合征是一种具有说明性和象征性的表述，它基于历史参照和在压迫环境下促进生存及恢复力的适应性行为，描述了非裔美国女性的多重角色和社会身份。适应性行为也因长期积极应对而引发了健康风险。“经受磨练”描述了持续压力和长期积极应对对健康的累积影响，这导致非裔美国女性健康过早恶化，发病率、残疾率和死亡率增加。解放性认知护理视角提供了一个观点，据此审视造成非裔美国女性承受过重健康负担状况的社会不公，并规划护理行动，创造促进健康和消除健康差距的机会。
