Evinger C, Manning K A, Sibony P A
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, SUNY Stony Brook 11794.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Feb;32(2):387-400.
This study provides a comprehensive description of upper eyelid movement in normal human subjects. Using the magnetic search coil technique to monitor lid position and modified skin electrodes to record orbicularis oculi electromyographic (EMG) activity, the authors found that the basic eyelid movements, blinks, and saccadic lid movements, can be uniquely and reliably characterized by their amplitude-maximum velocity relationships. The data show that similar increases in levator palpebrae activity produce the upward lid movements that accompany upward saccadic eye movements as well as the upward phase of a blink. The lid movements that accompany downward saccadic eye movements arise almost exclusively from the passive downward forces and relaxation of the levator palpebrae muscle. In contrast, active orbicularis oculi contraction and the passive downward forces act together to generate lid closure with a blink. These normative data and techniques provide the basis for the clinical analysis of lid motility by which abnormal lid movements can be compared with normal lid kinematics.
本研究全面描述了正常人类受试者的上睑运动。作者使用磁搜索线圈技术监测眼睑位置，并使用改良的皮肤电极记录眼轮匝肌肌电图（EMG）活动，发现基本的眼睑运动、眨眼和扫视性眼睑运动可以通过其幅度-最大速度关系进行独特而可靠的表征。数据表明，提上睑肌活动的类似增加会产生伴随眼球向上扫视运动的上睑向上运动以及眨眼的向上阶段。伴随眼球向下扫视运动的眼睑运动几乎完全来自提上睑肌的被动向下力和松弛。相比之下，眼轮匝肌的主动收缩和被动向下力共同作用产生眨眼时的眼睑闭合。这些规范数据和技术为眼睑运动的临床分析提供了基础，通过该分析可以将异常眼睑运动与正常眼睑运动学进行比较。
