Departamento de Epidemiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2009 Nov;43 Suppl 2:90-7. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102009000900012.
To analyze the variation in body mass index (BMI) among adults according to individual factors and environmental characteristics of their city of residence.
Data generated in 2006 by the Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL--Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases) system. This survey is based on telephone interviews carried out among probabilistic samples of the population of adults aged > or = 18 years from the 26 Brazilian state capitals and Federal District. Analysis of associated factors included individual socioeconomic and demographic variables and environmental variables pertaining to the city of residence of the 49,395 VIGITEL subjects. Food intake was evaluated based on a 'healthy diet' score and on 'five-a-day' fruit and vegetable intake. Physical activity was evaluated based on frequency and duration of exercise and presence of a place in which to perform physical activity. Associations were tested using multilevel linear models (p<0.05).
Associations between BMI and individual explanatory variables differed according to sex. Schooling was positively associated with BMI among men, and negatively among women. Five-a-day fruit and vegetable intake was positively associated with BMI among men. In both sexes, presence of a place for physical activity was negatively associated with BMI.
Mean BMI differed substantially among Brazilian capitals; however little of this variation could be explained by presence of a place for physical activity or by socioeconomic and diet-related variables.
分析成年人的体重指数（BMI）随个体因素和居住城市环境特征的变化情况。
数据来源于 2006 年通过 Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico（VIGITEL--基于电话调查的慢性病风险和保护因素监测系统）系统生成。该调查是基于对巴西 26 个州首府和联邦区的成年（年龄≥18 岁）人群进行概率抽样的电话访谈。分析相关因素包括个体的社会经济和人口统计学变量以及居住城市的环境变量。食物摄入情况根据“健康饮食”评分和“每日五份蔬果”摄入量进行评估。体力活动根据运动频率和持续时间以及进行体力活动的场所进行评估。采用多水平线性模型（p<0.05）检验关联。
BMI 与个体解释变量之间的关联因性别而异。受教育程度与男性 BMI 呈正相关，与女性 BMI 呈负相关。男性中“每日五份蔬果”摄入量与 BMI 呈正相关。在两性中，有进行体力活动的场所与 BMI 呈负相关。
巴西各州首府之间的平均 BMI 差异很大；但体力活动场所的存在以及社会经济和饮食相关变量对 BMI 的变化解释作用很小。
