CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia.
Water Res. 2010 Mar;44(5):1471-81. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.044. Epub 2009 Nov 3.
Water quality changes associated with the passage of aerobic reverse osmosis (RO) treated recycled water through a deep anaerobic pyritic aquifer system was evaluated in sediment-filled laboratory columns as part of a managed aquifer recharge (MAR) strategy. The fate of nine recycled water trace organic compounds along with potential negative water quality changes such as the release of metal(loid)s were investigated in large-scale columns over a period of 12 months. The anaerobic geochemical conditions provided a suitable environment for denitrification, and rapid (half-life <1-25 days) degradation of the endocrine disrupting compounds (bisphenol A, 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethynylestradiol), and iodipamide. However, pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and oxazepam), disinfection by-products (N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomorpholine) and iohexol did not degrade rapidly (half-life > 100 days). High retardation coefficients (R) determined for many of the trace organics (R 13 to 67) would increase aquifer residence time and be beneficial for many of the slow degrading compounds. However, for the trace organics with low R values (1.1-2.6) and slow degradation rates (half-life > 100 days), such as N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomorpholine and iohexol, substantial biodegradation during aquifer passage may not occur and additional investigations are required. Only minor transient increases in some metal(loid) concentrations were observed, as a result of either pyrite oxidation, mineral dissolution or pH induced metal desorption, followed by metal re-sorption downgradient in the oxygen depleted zone.
作为管理型含水层补给（MAR）策略的一部分，研究人员在填充有沉积物的实验室柱中评估了有氧反渗透（RO）处理再生水通过深部厌氧含硫含水层系统时的水质变化。在 12 个月的时间里，研究人员在大型柱中研究了 9 种再生水中痕量有机化合物的命运，以及可能的负面水质变化，如金属（类）的释放。厌氧地球化学条件为反硝化作用提供了适宜的环境，并且快速（半衰期<1-25 天）降解了内分泌干扰化合物（双酚 A、17β-雌二醇、17α-乙炔基雌二醇）和碘海醇。然而，药物（卡马西平、奥沙西泮）、消毒副产物（N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基吗啉）和碘海醇不会快速降解（半衰期>100 天）。许多痕量有机物（R 13 至 67）的高阻滞系数（R）将增加含水层停留时间，这对许多缓慢降解的化合物是有益的。然而，对于 R 值较低（1.1-2.6）和降解速度较慢（半衰期>100 天）的痕量有机物，如 N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基吗啉和碘海醇，在含水层通过过程中可能不会发生大量生物降解，需要进一步调查。由于黄铁矿氧化、矿物溶解或 pH 诱导的金属解吸，只有一些金属（类）浓度出现短暂增加，随后在缺氧区下游发生金属再吸附。
