Hassan Mohammed O, Bayoumi Riad A, Lopez-Alvarenga Juan C, Snieder Harold, Jaju Deepali, Al-Yahyaee Saeed, Al-Hadabi Saleh, Comuzzie Anthony G, Albarwani Sulayma
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2009 Dec;12(6):541-8. doi: 10.1375/twin.12.6.541.
Exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity to stressful stimuli may be a risk factor for the development of hypertension. The genetic influence on blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress and its control mechanisms has been receiving considerable support. This study aims at examining the heritability of BP and its intermediate hemodynamic phenotypes to acute stress in a homogeneous Arab population.
Parameters were computed from continuous BP, electrocardiography and impedance cardiography measurements, during rest, word conflict (WCT) and cold pressor (CPT) tests. Heritability estimates (h(2)) were obtained using the variance components-based approach implemented in the SOLAR software package.
Reactivity scores for WCT and CPT increased significantly (P < .05) for systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR). They decreased significantly (P < .05) for stroke volume (SV), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), end diastolic (EDI) and cardiac contractility (IC) indices. Univariate analysis detected heritability estimates that ranged from 0.19-0.35 for rest, 0.002-0.40 for WCT and 0.08-0.35 for CPT.
In this unique cohort, resting as well as challenged cardiovascular phenotypes are significantly influenced by additive genetic effects. Heritability estimates for resting phenotypes are in a relatively narrow range, while h(2) for their reactivity is somewhat broader with lower estimates. Further analyses of this study may offer important opportunities for gene finding in hypertension. WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE TOPIC: (1) cardiovascular reactivity to stress predicts cardiovascular disease; (2) genetic susceptibility plays an important role in stress reactivity. Family studies using the cold pressure test reported significant heritability for blood pressure.
(1) this cohort is from five highly consanguineous isolated Arab pedigrees with genetically verified genealogical records and environmental homogeneity; (2) This is the first study to estimate heritability of detailed intermediate hemodynamic phenotypes that make up normal blood pressure.
对压力刺激的心血管反应过度可能是高血压发生的一个危险因素。基因对血压（BP）对应激的反应及其控制机制的影响已得到相当多的支持。本研究旨在探讨同质阿拉伯人群中血压及其中间血流动力学表型对急性应激的遗传力。
在静息、言语冲突（WCT）和冷加压（CPT）试验期间，通过连续血压、心电图和阻抗心动图测量计算参数。使用SOLAR软件包中基于方差成分的方法获得遗传力估计值（h(2)）。
WCT和CPT的反应性评分在收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）、心输出量（CO）和总外周阻力（TPR）方面显著增加（P <.05）。它们在每搏输出量（SV）、左心室射血时间（LVET）、舒张末期（EDI）和心脏收缩力（IC）指数方面显著降低（P <.05）。单变量分析检测到的遗传力估计值范围为静息时0.19 - 0.35，WCT时0.002 - 0.40，CPT时0.08 - 0.35。
在这个独特的队列中，静息以及受刺激后的心血管表型受到加性基因效应的显著影响。静息表型的遗传力估计值在相对较窄的范围内，而其反应性的h(2)范围稍宽但估计值较低。本研究的进一步分析可能为高血压的基因发现提供重要机会。关于该主题已知的信息：（1）对压力的心血管反应可预测心血管疾病；（2）遗传易感性在应激反应中起重要作用。使用冷压试验的家族研究报告了血压的显著遗传力。
（1）该队列来自五个高度近亲通婚的孤立阿拉伯家系，有经过基因验证的系谱记录和环境同质性；（2）这是第一项估计构成正常血压的详细中间血流动力学表型遗传力的研究。
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