Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue C1179, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Crit Care Clin. 2010 Jan;26(1):21-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2009.10.001.
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) remains the major reason for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) in patients with cancer and is often associated with high mortality, especially in those who require mechanical ventilation. The diagnosis and management of ARF in patients who have cancer pose unique challenges to the intensivist. This article reviews the most common causes of ARF in patients with cancer and discusses recent advances in the diagnostic and management approaches of these disorders. Timely diagnosis and treatment of reversible causes of respiratory failure, including earlier use of noninvasive ventilation and judicious ventilator and fluid management in patients with acute lung injury, are essential to achieve an optimal outcome. Close collaboration between oncologists and intensivists helps ensure that clear goals, including direction of treatment and quality of life, are established for every patient with cancer who requires mechanical ventilation for ARF.
急性呼吸衰竭（ARF）仍然是癌症患者入住重症监护病房（ICU）的主要原因，并且通常与高死亡率相关，尤其是那些需要机械通气的患者。癌症患者 ARF 的诊断和管理对重症医学专家提出了独特的挑战。本文回顾了癌症患者 ARF 的最常见原因，并讨论了这些疾病的诊断和治疗方法的最新进展。及时诊断和治疗呼吸衰竭的可逆原因，包括更早地使用无创通气以及在急性肺损伤患者中明智地进行呼吸机和液体管理，对于实现最佳结果至关重要。肿瘤学家和重症医学专家之间的密切合作有助于确保为每个需要机械通气治疗 ARF 的癌症患者设定明确的目标，包括治疗方向和生活质量。
