Mickelson Samuel A
Advanced Ear Nose & Throat Associates PC, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA.
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2009 Nov;21(4):425-34. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2009.08.002.
Sleep apnea patients pose a challenge for surgeons, anesthesiologists, and surgical facilities as there is increased risk for anesthetic and postoperative complications. Precautions before and after surgery minimize these risks. Screening for sleep apnea should be done for all surgical patients. Safe perioperative management requires judicious use of narcotics and sedating medications, reducing upper airway edema, prevention of aspiration and deep vein thrombosis, blood pressure control, use of positive airway pressure, and proper postoperative monitoring. Although the literature lacks specific recommendations, the guidelines presented in this article are based on more than 20 years of experience and supported by peer-reviewed medical literature.
睡眠呼吸暂停患者给外科医生、麻醉师和手术机构带来了挑战，因为麻醉和术后并发症的风险增加。手术前后采取预防措施可将这些风险降至最低。应对所有手术患者进行睡眠呼吸暂停筛查。安全的围手术期管理需要明智地使用麻醉药和镇静药物，减轻上呼吸道水肿，预防误吸和深静脉血栓形成，控制血压，使用气道正压，并进行适当的术后监测。尽管文献中缺乏具体建议，但本文提出的指南基于20多年的经验，并得到了同行评审医学文献的支持。
