Hosking Martin P, Lane Thomas E
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3900 USA.
Curr Immunol Rev. 2009 May 4;5(4):267-276. doi: 10.2174/157339509789504005.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of humans. Although causes of MS are enigmatic, underlying elements contributing to disease development include both genetic and environmental factors. Recent epidemiological evidence has pointed to viral infection as a trigger to initiating white matter damage in humans. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a positive strand RNA virus that, following intracranial infection of susceptible mice, induces an acute encephalomyelitis that later resolves into a chronic fulminating demyelinating disease. Immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system is critical both to quell viral replication and instigate demyelination. Recent efforts by our laboratory and others have focused upon strategies capable of enhancing remyelination in response to viral-induced demyelination, both by dampening chronic inflammation and by surgical engraftment of remyelination - competent neural precursor cells.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种人类免疫介导的脱髓鞘疾病。尽管MS的病因尚不明确，但导致疾病发展的潜在因素包括遗传和环境因素。最近的流行病学证据表明，病毒感染是引发人类白质损伤的诱因。小鼠肝炎病毒（MHV）是一种正链RNA病毒，在易感小鼠颅内感染后，会诱发急性脑脊髓炎，随后发展为慢性暴发性脱髓鞘疾病。免疫细胞浸润到中枢神经系统对于抑制病毒复制和引发脱髓鞘至关重要。我们实验室和其他研究团队最近的工作重点是通过抑制慢性炎症和手术植入具有髓鞘再生能力的神经前体细胞，来增强对病毒诱导的脱髓鞘的髓鞘再生反应。
