The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2010 Feb;21(1):129-37. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2009.11.019. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
Broad studies of the ABC program across angiosperms have found that interactions between gene duplication, biochemical evolution, shifts in gene expression and modification of existing identity programs have been critical to the evolution of floral morphology. Several themes can be recognized in this context. First, the original concept of "A" function applies only very narrowly to Arabidopsis and its close relatives. Second, while many types of petaloid organs are associated with the expression of AP3/PI homologs, there is growing evidence that there are other genetic mechanisms for producing petaloidy, especially in first whorl organs. Third, pre-existing organ identity programs can be modified to yield novel organ types, often in association with gene duplications. Lastly, there are many aspects of ABC gene function outside the major model systems that remain a mystery, perhaps none more so than the C-terminal amino acid motifs that distinguish specific ABC gene lineages.
广泛研究被子植物中的 ABC 程序发现，基因复制、生化进化、基因表达的转变以及对现有身份程序的修改之间的相互作用，对于花形态的进化至关重要。在这种情况下，可以识别出几个主题。首先，“A”功能的原始概念仅适用于拟南芥及其近亲。其次，尽管许多类型的花瓣状器官与 AP3/PI 同源物的表达相关，但越来越多的证据表明，存在其他产生花瓣状的遗传机制，特别是在第一轮器官中。第三，预先存在的器官身份程序可以被修改以产生新的器官类型，通常与基因复制有关。最后，ABC 基因功能的许多方面都超出了主要的模型系统，仍然是个谜，也许没有比区分特定 ABC 基因谱系的 C 末端氨基酸基序更神秘的了。
