Benjamin Bonna G, Ethen Mary K, Van Hook Catherine L, Myers Candace A, Canfield Mark A
Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010 Mar;88(3):178-85. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20642.
The worldwide prevalence of gastroschisis is increasing. Maternal age, race/ethnicity, and place of residence have been associated with increased risk.
We obtained descriptive characteristics of mothers of infants with gastroschisis and mothers of all live births from the Texas Birth Defects Registry and Texas vital records for 1999-2003. We calculated prevalence, crude prevalence ratios, and prevalence ratios adjusted for maternal age, parity, education, race/ethnicity, and geographic entity (Mexican border proximity, urban/rural residence, health service region, and county).
We observed 764 cases of gastroschisis among 1,827,317 live births, for a prevalence of 4.18 per 10,000 births (95% confidence interval 3.88-4.48). Prevalence increased during 1999-2003 (p for trend <0.02). Infants of young and nulliparous mothers were at greatest risk in crude analyses. Other characteristics associated with increased risk were 12 or fewer years of education, border residence, and Hispanic ethnicity. Black mothers were at lower risk. When adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, parity, and residence, we found that border residence, educational level, and Hispanic race/ethnicity were no longer significant, but young mothers and nulliparous mothers remained at higher risk, and blacks at reduced risk. Differences in prevalence observed between regions and counties largely disappeared when adjusted for maternal factors. No significant difference between urban and rural residence was found.
The prevalence of gastroschisis increased in Texas during 1999-2003. Black mothers were at lower risk, and Hispanic mothers were at no greater risk than whites. No differences were found between urban/rural or border/nonborder residents.
腹裂在全球的患病率正在上升。母亲年龄、种族/民族和居住地与风险增加有关。
我们从德克萨斯州出生缺陷登记处和1999 - 2003年德克萨斯州生命记录中获取了腹裂婴儿母亲以及所有活产婴儿母亲的描述性特征。我们计算了患病率、粗患病率比以及针对母亲年龄、产次、教育程度、种族/民族和地理区域（与墨西哥边境的距离、城乡居住情况、卫生服务区和县）进行调整后的患病率比。
在1,827,317例活产婴儿中，我们观察到764例腹裂病例，患病率为每10,000例出生中有4.18例（95%置信区间3.88 - 4.48）。1999 - 2003年期间患病率有所上升（趋势p<0.02）。在粗分析中，年轻母亲和初产妇的婴儿风险最高。与风险增加相关的其他特征包括教育年限为12年或更少、居住在边境以及西班牙裔种族。黑人母亲的风险较低。在对母亲年龄、种族/民族、教育程度、产次和居住地进行调整后，我们发现居住在边境、教育水平和西班牙裔种族不再具有统计学意义，但年轻母亲和初产妇的风险仍然较高，而黑人母亲的风险降低。在调整母亲因素后，不同地区和县之间观察到的患病率差异基本消失。城乡居住情况之间未发现显著差异。
1999 - 2003年期间，德克萨斯州腹裂的患病率有所上升。黑人母亲的风险较低，西班牙裔母亲的风险并不高于白人。城乡或边境/非边境居民之间未发现差异。
