Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Transfusion. 2010 Apr;50(4):881-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02501.x. Epub 2009 Nov 20.
Presenting blood donors are screened to ensure both their safety and that of the recipients of blood products. Donors with identified risks are deferred from donating blood either temporarily or permanently. Minorities are underrepresented as donors in the United States and this may in part be a result of increased donor deferral rates in minorities compared to white individuals.
Data consisted of deferred and successful blood donor presentations to the American Red Cross Southern Region in the metropolitan Atlanta area in 2004 to 2008. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted by race/ethnicity, age group, and sex.
A total of 586,159 voluntary donor presentations occurred in 2004 to 2008, of which 79,214 (15.6%) resulted in deferral. In the age 16 to 69 years subset (98.3% of the presentations), deferred presentations were mostly women (78.2%). The most common reason for donor deferral was low hemoglobin (62.6%). The donor deferral rate varied by race/ethnicity, age, and sex: whites (11.1%), Hispanics (14.1%), and African Americans (17.9%); 16- to 19-year-olds (17.0%) and 50- to 59-year-olds (11.7%); and females (20.0%) and males (6.2%). Compared to whites and Hispanics, African American females had the highest deferral rate in each age group.
Minorities are disproportionately impacted by blood donor deferrals. Methods to decrease blood donor deferral rates among African Americans are needed.
现有的献血者都经过筛查，以确保他们和血液制品接受者的安全。有明确风险的献血者要么暂时，要么永久性地被拒绝献血。在美国，少数民族在献血者中所占比例较低，这在一定程度上可能是由于与白人相比，少数民族的献血者被拒绝的比率更高。
数据包括 2004 年至 2008 年美国红十字会南方地区亚特兰大市区的被拒和成功献血者的资料。通过种族/民族、年龄组和性别进行了单变量和多变量分析。
2004 年至 2008 年共有 586159 名自愿献血者进行了献血，其中 79214 人（15.6%）被拒绝。在 16 至 69 岁的年龄组（占献血者的 98.3%）中，被拒绝的献血者大多是女性（78.2%）。献血者被拒绝的最常见原因是血红蛋白低（62.6%）。献血者被拒绝率因种族/民族、年龄和性别而异：白人（11.1%）、西班牙裔（14.1%）和非裔美国人（17.9%）；16 至 19 岁（17.0%）和 50 至 59 岁（11.7%）；女性（20.0%）和男性（6.2%）。与白人及西班牙裔相比，在每个年龄组中，非裔美国女性的被拒绝率最高。
少数民族受到献血者被拒绝的不成比例的影响。需要采取措施降低非裔美国人的献血者被拒绝率。
