Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1420 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
J Aging Health. 2010 Feb;22(1):3-26. doi: 10.1177/0898264309348877. Epub 2009 Dec 1.
This research focuses on ethnic variations in the intraindividual changes in self-rated health.
Data came from the Health and Retirement Study involving up to 6 repeated observations between 1995 and 2006 of a national sample of 18,486 Americans above 50 years of age. Hierarchical linear models were employed in depicting variations in self-rated health across White, Black, and Hispanic Americans.
Subjective health worsened over time albeit moderately. Relative to younger persons, older individuals rated their health poorer with a greater rate of deteriorating health. With reference to ethnic variations in the intercept and slope of perceived health, White Americans rated their health most positively, followed by Black Americans, with Hispanics rating their health least positively. This pattern held even when socioeconomic status, social networks, and prior health were adjusted.
Significant ethnic differences exist in the evolvement of self-rated health in middle and late life. Further inquiries may include analyzing ethnic heterogeneities from a person-centered perspective, health disparities across subgroups of Hispanics, effects of neighborhood attributes, and implications of left truncation.
本研究关注个体自评健康的个体内变化在不同种族间的差异。
数据来自健康与退休研究，该研究在 1995 年至 2006 年间对超过 50 岁的 18486 名美国全国样本进行了多达 6 次重复观察。分层线性模型用于描述白种人、黑种人和西班牙裔美国人之间自评健康的变化。
尽管程度适中，但主观健康随着时间的推移而恶化。与年轻人相比，老年人对自己的健康状况评价更差，健康状况恶化的速度也更快。关于感知健康的截距和斜率的种族差异，白种人对自己的健康评价最积极，其次是黑种人，而西班牙裔对自己的健康评价最不积极。即使调整了社会经济地位、社交网络和先前的健康状况，这种模式仍然存在。
在中年和晚年自评健康的发展过程中存在显著的种族差异。进一步的研究可能包括从以人为中心的角度分析西班牙裔人群的种族异质性、西班牙裔亚群的健康差距、邻里属性的影响以及左截断的影响。
