Beigelman-Aubry C, Touitou D, Mahjoub R, Stivalet A, Fernandez Perea G, Grenier P, Capron F
Service de Radiologie Générale, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
J Radiol. 2009 Nov;90(11 Pt 2):1830-40. doi: 10.1016/s0221-0363(09)73286-x.
Bronchiolitis may be encountered in numerous clinical circumstances. Previous history of smoking, infections, toxic exposure, immunodeficiency, chronic inflammatory disorders or transplantation must be known. CT findings consist in centrilobular micronodules with sharp or ill borders of various density and/or a mosaic attenuation with expiratory air trapping. Tree-in-bud pattern suggest an inflammatory or infectious bronchiolitis. The associated presence of bronchiectasis and bronchiolectasis must be considered. Imaging-pathologic correlations will be presented for inflammatory bronchiolitis (infectious bronchiolitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, respiratory bronchiolitis, follicular bronchiolitis, diffuse panbronchiolitis) and fibrosing bronchiolitis (constrictive bronchiolitis, post-infectious bronchiolitis, toxic fume exposure, transplant-related bronchiolitis).
细支气管炎可见于多种临床情况。必须了解既往吸烟史、感染史、毒物接触史、免疫缺陷、慢性炎症性疾病或移植史。CT表现为边界清晰或模糊的小叶中心性微结节，密度各异，和/或伴有呼气性空气潴留的马赛克样衰减。树芽征提示炎症性或感染性细支气管炎。必须考虑同时存在的支气管扩张和细支气管扩张。将展示炎症性细支气管炎（感染性细支气管炎、过敏性肺炎、呼吸性细支气管炎、滤泡性细支气管炎、弥漫性泛细支气管炎）和纤维化性细支气管炎（缩窄性细支气管炎、感染后细支气管炎、有毒烟雾暴露、移植相关细支气管炎）的影像-病理相关性。
