Adusumilli Sarojini
Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8031, USA.
Drugs Today (Barc). 2009 Sep;45(9):679-85.
More than 350 million individuals worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Individuals with chronic hepatitis B infection carry a significantly increased risk of life-threatening liver sequelae including cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, antiviral therapy options for chronic HBV consist of immunomodulators, nucleoside analogues and nucleotide analogues. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, an oral prodrug of the phosphonate nucleotide tenofovir, was recently approved in 2008 for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in the European Union and the United States. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is safe, well tolerated and has long plasma and intracellular half-lives, thus allowing for once-daily administration. Since its approval, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate has become recognized as a first-line treatment option for the management of chronic hepatitis B infection in both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients.
全球超过3.5亿人慢性感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）。慢性乙型肝炎感染者面临危及生命的肝脏后遗症的风险显著增加，这些后遗症包括肝硬化、肝失代偿和肝细胞癌。目前，慢性HBV的抗病毒治疗选择包括免疫调节剂、核苷类似物和核苷酸类似物。替诺福韦酯，膦酸核苷酸替诺福韦的口服前体药物，于2008年最近在欧盟和美国被批准用于治疗慢性乙型肝炎。替诺福韦酯安全、耐受性良好，血浆和细胞内半衰期长，因此允许每日一次给药。自获批以来，替诺福韦酯已成为初治和经治慢性乙型肝炎感染患者管理的一线治疗选择。
